Last reviewed: August 2026. We review our guides regularly to keep them accurate.
By Martin Janse van Rensburg, Sales Manager and Financial Advisor at Curemed. Reviewed by Roxanne Hurter-Ehlers, Director of People and Governance.
Gap Cover waiting periods in South Africa are capped by law at a general waiting period of up to 3 months and a condition-specific waiting period of up to 12 months. Those caps come from the Demarcation Regulations that govern short-term insurance, not from the Medical Schemes Act that governs medical aid waiting periods. The numbers look similar, but the rules behind them differ in ways that decide whether a claim gets paid. Not every insurer applies the maximum, and a person switching from one Gap Cover policy to another has a legal right that many claimants never hear about.
In short
- Gap Cover is short-term insurance. Waiting periods sit in Regulation 7.3(5) of the Demarcation Regulations, not in section 29A of the Medical Schemes Act.
- The law allows a general waiting period of up to 3 months and a condition-specific waiting period of up to 12 months. These are ceilings, not defaults.
- Where a materially similar policy was held for at least 90 days and its waiting period was completed, a new insurer may not impose a fresh condition-specific waiting period. Only the unexpired part may carry over.
- Pregnancy and childbirth commonly carry a 10 month period in 2026 policy documents, although the detail varies by insurer.
- Gap Cover has no Prescribed Minimum Benefits concept. There is no statutory floor of cover while a waiting period runs.
Which law sets Gap Cover waiting periods?
Gap Cover is not a medical scheme benefit. It is a short-term insurance policy that pays shortfalls on in-hospital claims the medical scheme has already assessed. Because it is insurance, section 29A of the Medical Schemes Act 131 of 1998 does not apply to it at all.
Instead, Gap Cover waiting periods are capped by the Demarcation Regulations, published as Government Notice R.1582 in Government Gazette No. 40515 on 23 December 2016 and effective from 1 April 2017. Part 7 of those Regulations sets the rules for medical expense shortfall policies. For readers new to the product itself, the complete guide to Gap Cover in South Africa covers how the cover works before waiting periods even become relevant.
What are the maximum waiting periods allowed?
Regulation 7.3(5) states that a Gap Cover contract may provide for a general waiting period of up to 3 months, and a condition-specific waiting period of up to 12 months. Note the phrasing of up to. These are maximums the law permits, not periods every insurer applies. As the table below shows, one 2026 insurer applies no general waiting period at all, and two use 6 month rather than 12 month windows for many pre-existing conditions.
How does the condition-specific waiting period work?
Regulation 7.1 defines a condition-specific waiting period as a period in which a policyholder may not claim in respect of a condition for which medical advice, diagnosis, care or treatment was recommended or received within a period of 12 months preceding the day on which the policy was entered into. The test is therefore backward looking. It asks what happened in the 12 months before the start date, not simply whether a condition existed.
What can you claim while the general waiting period runs?
During the general waiting period, most 2026 policy documents pay nothing except claims arising from accidents. There is no statutory list of conditions that must still be covered, because Gap Cover has no Prescribed Minimum Benefits concept. A shortfall that arises in month two of a new policy, from anything other than an accident, is typically not payable, and the medical scheme portion of the account is a separate question entirely. That risk is one reason understanding the self-payment gap on a medical aid matters just as much as the Gap Cover wording.
How do the 2026 insurers apply waiting periods in practice?
The six insurers below show how widely practice varies within the same legal ceiling. Read the pregnancy column carefully, because some documents state a period and some do not state one at all.
| Insurer (2026) | General waiting period | Condition-specific or pre-existing | Pregnancy and childbirth |
|---|---|---|---|
| Stratum Benefits (Guardrisk) | 3 months, no cover except accidental events | 12 months | No maternity waiting period as such, but a Limited Payout Benefit pays only 20 percent of the approved claim amount for listed procedures, including pregnancy and childbirth, in the first 10 months |
| Turnberry | 3 months, waived on Medical Expense Shortfall Cover where the policy start date matches the medical scheme start date | 12 months on listed conditions, including hysterectomy, endometriosis, fibroids, musculo-skeletal conditions, tonsillectomy, grommets, hernia, cataracts, gastroscopy, colonoscopy, cancer, and nasal or sinus procedures | 10 months |
| Total Risk Administrators (TRA), underwritten by Auto and General | None | 6 months for pre-existing conditions, excluding cancer. 9 months where cancer was diagnosed before joining | 10 months, including caesarean delivery |
| Ambledown Gap Cover 200 | 3 months on all new applications, waived for accidents and for like for like switches within the same insurer | 12 months. The brochure states that once membership exceeds 12 months, benefits are payable regardless of when the illness first manifested | Not stated in the 2026 document |
| Old Mutual ConnectGap (Kaelo and GENRIC) | 3 months from inception, unless the claim arises from an accident | 6 months procedure-specific for joints, nasal and sinus, tonsils, grommets, endoscopic and arthroscopic procedures, hernia, hysterectomy, cardiac, spinal, dentistry and cataracts where advice or treatment was received in the 12 months before the start date. 12 month oncology exclusion for cancer diagnosed before joining | 10 months for maternity and procedures related to childbirth |
| Sanlam Gap Core (Centriq and Essential Medical) | 3 months, no cover except accidents | 12 months, condition-specific and pre-existing | Not stated in the 2026 document |
Is pregnancy covered under a new Gap Cover policy?
Pregnancy is where Gap Cover waiting periods catch families out, because the 12 month cap does not need to be reached for a claim to fail. Turnberry, TRA and Old Mutual ConnectGap all apply a 10 month period to pregnancy and childbirth in their 2026 documents, and Stratum Benefits pays only 20 percent of the approved claim amount for pregnancy and childbirth in the first 10 months under its Limited Payout Benefit. Ambledown and Sanlam Gap Core do not state a maternity period in the documents reviewed, which is exactly why the specific policy schedule must be read before relying on it.
A caesarean delivery in a private hospital routinely produces specialist accounts above medical scheme rates, which is a large part of why families weigh up whether Gap Cover earns its place in the household budget. The timing question, covered in the FAQ below, is simple. The policy needs to start well before the pregnancy does.
How do you switch Gap Cover without restarting the clock?
This is the part of the Regulations that saves switchers real money, and it deserves more attention than it gets. Under Regulations 7.3(6) and 7.3(7), an insurer may not impose a condition-specific waiting period on a policyholder who held a materially similar accident and health policy for at least 90 days beforehand and had already completed the waiting period under that policy.
Where the earlier waiting period had not yet expired, the new insurer does not get to start again. The Regulation allows the new insurer to impose a waiting period only for a period equalling the unexpired part of the waiting period in respect of that previous policy. In practice, where 8 months of a 12 month condition-specific waiting period were served under the old policy, the new insurer may impose at most the remaining 4 months.
Two practical points follow. First, avoid any break in cover, because the protection depends on having held the previous policy immediately beforehand. Second, keep the old policy schedule and proof of the start date, because the new insurer will need evidence of the completed or partly served period. The same discipline applies on the medical scheme side when changing a medical aid plan mid-year, where timing a switch badly can create avoidable exposure on both products at once.
How do these rules differ from medical scheme waiting periods?
Medical scheme waiting periods sit in section 29A of the Medical Schemes Act 131 of 1998. A scheme may impose a general waiting period of up to 3 months and a condition-specific waiting period of up to 12 months on an applicant who was not a beneficiary of a medical scheme for at least 90 days before applying. An applicant whose previous cover ended less than 90 days before applying, after more than 24 months of continuous cover, may face only a general waiting period of up to 3 months, and that period may not be applied to Prescribed Minimum Benefits.
The Prescribed Minimum Benefits point needs care. A scheme may exclude Prescribed Minimum Benefits during a waiting period, but only for an applicant who had no medical scheme cover in the preceding 90 days. For anyone whose cover ended less than 90 days before applying, Prescribed Minimum Benefits must be funded despite any waiting period. Gap Cover has no equivalent of this floor at all. While a Gap Cover waiting period runs, nothing in law forces the insurer to pay anything beyond what the policy wording itself allows.
There is a second asymmetry worth flagging. Section 29A(4) prohibits a medical scheme from imposing a waiting period on a member who changes from one benefit option to another within the same scheme, apart from any unexpired remainder. No such rule applies to short-term insurance. The Ambledown 2026 brochure, for example, states that a 3 month general waiting period and a 12 month pre-existing clause apply to the additional benefits obtained when a member upgrades cover. Upgrading Gap Cover mid-policy can therefore put the new portion of the benefit behind a fresh waiting period even though the member never left the insurer.
What annual limit applies while all of this runs?
The Demarcation Regulations set the base overall annual limit for Gap Cover at R150 000 per insured person per year, escalating annually with the Consumer Price Index published by Statistics South Africa under Regulation 7.2(2). The figure officially published by National Treasury is R219 845.96 per insured person per year, effective 1 April 2025. As at the time of writing, National Treasury had not published a 1 April 2026 escalation, and 2026 insurer documents generally quote R219 845, or any higher amount published by the Regulator. Waiting periods and the annual limit are separate mechanisms. Serving the waiting period does not change the limit, and the limit applies per insured person per year once claims start paying.
What should you do before signing?
Waiting period wording differs by insurer, by product and even by benefit within the same policy, and the cost of getting it wrong lands during a hospital admission. A Curemed Advisor can read the actual waiting period clauses of a policy against the medical scheme of the member before anything is signed, check whether the switching credit under Regulation 7.3(6) applies, and confirm what the maternity wording actually says. Curemed is an independent, FSCA-licensed brokerage, FSP 44098, accredited with the Council for Medical Schemes as ORG 163, established in 1992 and serving all nine provinces from a head office in Irene, Centurion.
Frequently asked questions about Gap Cover waiting periods
What happens if a claim is declined during a waiting period?
Ask the insurer in writing for the exact clause relied on and the dates it used. Check two things: whether the claim arose from an accident, which most 2026 documents cover even during the general waiting period, and whether prior cover entitles you to a credit under Regulations 7.3(6) and 7.3(7). Where a materially similar policy was held beforehand, the insurer may only apply the unexpired part of the earlier waiting period, and a decline that ignores this can be challenged.
Can an insurer waive a waiting period completely?
Yes, and some do so as a standing product rule rather than a concession. Turnberry waives the general waiting period on Medical Expense Shortfall Cover where the policy start date matches the medical scheme start date, Ambledown waives it for like for like switches within the same insurer, and TRA applies no general waiting period at all. Waivers are product rules in the policy wording, so confirm them in writing before relying on them.
What if you join a new medical scheme and Gap Cover on the same day?
The two waiting periods run in parallel under different laws and neither shortens the other. The scheme applies section 29A, the Gap Cover insurer applies the Demarcation Regulations, and each tests the history of the applicant separately. Aligning the start dates can still help in practice, since at least one insurer waives its general waiting period when the dates match, but a condition-specific period on either product runs its full course regardless of the other.
Does cancelling and later reinstating Gap Cover restart the waiting periods?
It can. The switching protection in the Regulations depends on having held a materially similar policy for at least 90 days immediately beforehand, so a break in cover can leave a rejoining member treated as a new applicant with fresh waiting periods. Before cancelling for a short period to save premium, weigh that saving against serving the general and condition-specific periods again.
How far in advance should a family planning a baby take out Gap Cover?
Work backwards from the 10 month figure that appears in several 2026 documents for pregnancy and childbirth. Since a pregnancy runs roughly nine months, a policy taken out after conception will usually still be inside the maternity waiting period at delivery. The practical answer is to have the policy in place before falling pregnant, and to confirm the maternity wording specifically, because two of the six insurers reviewed do not state a maternity period in their 2026 documents.
Martin Janse van Rensburg
Sales Manager and Financial Advisor | Curemed Health and Wealth Consultants
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